Indonesia is Southeast Asia’s largest digital economy, and growing fast. Google, Temasek and Bain estimate its digital economy reached approximately US$99 billion in GMV in 2025, up 14% over one year. E-commerce alone accounted for approximately US$71 billion, while online transport and food delivery reached US$10 billion.¹

That opportunity is distributed across an archipelago of thousands of inhabited islands, creating a business environment where payments, marketplaces, delivery platforms and logistics applications have to work across very different physical and digital environments. For companies building across Southeast Asia, that’s an important consideration. In Indonesia, digital scale isn’t just about how many customers you can reach. It’s about how reliably you can reach them wherever they happen to be.

The Network is Core to the Supply Chain: Indonesia’s geography already makes moving physical goods complicated. The World Bank has identified significant differences in transport and connectivity between major cities such as Jakarta, Surabaya, Medan and Denpasar and secondary, tertiary and rural areas, with both internet access and logistics costs affecting the development of e-commerce.² Its digital infrastructure is the backbone for Indonesia’s phenomenal growth.

When the Network Changes, Your Customers May Not Care Why. But They Will Definitely Care. From physical damage to deliberate network restrictions, maintaining Internet access in Indonesia can be challenging.³ ⁴ Regional connections can be attenuated, and traffic can be filtered or blocked. The quality of connectivity available to a customer in eastern Indonesia may not resemble the connectivity experienced by someone using the same application in Jakarta. For FinTech, e-commerce and logistics providers, these aren’t abstract infrastructure issues, these impact their core value proposition.

With Forge, Build: Psiphon Forge embeds adaptive network continuity directly into an application. Selected traffic can transparently use Psiphon’s multi-protocol network when conventional paths become filtered, throttled or otherwise degraded, while the underlying Forge library continues to evolve as network conditions change. Indonesia’s digital economy is already the largest and most dynamic in Southeast Asia. The focus, and opportunity, is in making sure applications designed to participate in that growth aren’t vulnerable to unpredictable disruptions.

The Bottom Line? You can’t control why a network changes. But you can build your application to adapt when it does.

References & Sources

1. Google, Temasek & Bain & Company. e-Conomy SEA 2025 — Indonesia.
2. World Bank. Beyond Unicorns: Harnessing Digital Technologies for Inclusion in Indonesia.
3. ANTARA News. Telkomsel says double shunt fault disrupts broadband services in Papua (2025).
4. Access Now & the #KeepItOn Coalition. 2024 Elections and Internet Shutdowns Watch.